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25/10/17
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SUNDAY, 9 DECEMBER 2012
சக்கரவியூகம்
மகாபாரதத்திலிருந்து இன்னும் ஒரு தகவலை இங்கு பதிவு செய்ய விரும்புகிறேன். அது என்னவென்றால் துரோணர் அமைத்த சக்கரவியூகம். இதைப் புரிந்துகொள்வதற்கு சில வலைத்தளங்களையும், புத்தகங்களையும் படித்தேன். அதை தமிழில் உங்களுக்குப் புரியும் படியாக எழுத முயற்சி செய்திருக்கிறேன்.
போரில் பங்கு பெற்ற அத்தனை வீர்ர்களையும் அக்செளகினி (Akshauhini) என்று அளவிட்டார்கள், ஒரு அக்செளகினியில் 21,870 ரதங்கள், 21,870 யானைப் படை, 65,610 குதிரைப் படை, 1,09,350 காலாட்ப் படை வீர்ர்கள் இருப்பார்கள். மொத்தமாக பாரதப் போரில் 18 அக்செளகினி இருந்ததாக கூறப்படுகிறது. (7 பாண்டவர்கள் பக்கமும், 11கெளரவர்கள் பக்கமும்). இவர்கள் மொத்தமாக 48x128 சதுர கிலோ மீட்டர் பரப்பளவில் இருந்தார்கள். இந்த சக்கரவியூகம்அமைக்க இதுவே போதுமானதாக இருந்திருக்கும்.
இது 7 சுற்றுக்களாக அமைந்திருக்கிறது. வெளிச்சுற்றில் இருப்பவர்கள் வலிமை குறைந்தவர்களாகவும், உள்ளே செல்லச்செல்ல வலிமை மிக்கவர்களாகவும் எண்ணிக்கையில் அதிகமாகவும் இருப்பார்கள். இதன் உள்ளே செல்லும் வீரனின் நிலைமையை இப்போது எண்ணிப்பாருங்கள்…
இந்த முறையை பயன்படுத்தி ஒரு சில சுற்றுக்கள் உள்ளே எளிதாகச் செல்ல முடியும், ஆனால் உள்ளே செல்லச் செல்ல எதிரிவீர்ர்கள் பலம் மிக்கவர்களாகவும் அதிக எண்ணிக்கையிலும் இருப்பார்கள். ஆகையால் ஒரே நேரத்தில் பல வீர்ர்களைக்கொன்றால் தான் உள்ளேச் செல்ல வழி கிடைக்கும்.
அர்ஜீனனுக்கு மட்டுமே தெரிந்ததாலும், அபிமன்யு வஞ்சகமாக கொல்லப்பட்டதாலும், இது முக்கியமான இடத்தைப் பிடிக்கிறது. அப்படி என்ன தான் துரோணர் அதில் புதுமை செய்தார் என்பதைக் காணலாம்.
போரில் பங்கு பெற்ற அத்தனை வீர்ர்களையும் அக்செளகினி (Akshauhini) என்று அளவிட்டார்கள், ஒரு அக்செளகினியில் 21,870 ரதங்கள், 21,870 யானைப் படை, 65,610 குதிரைப் படை, 1,09,350 காலாட்ப் படை வீர்ர்கள் இருப்பார்கள். மொத்தமாக பாரதப் போரில் 18 அக்செளகினி இருந்ததாக கூறப்படுகிறது. (7 பாண்டவர்கள் பக்கமும், 11கெளரவர்கள் பக்கமும்). இவர்கள் மொத்தமாக 48x128 சதுர கிலோ மீட்டர் பரப்பளவில் இருந்தார்கள். இந்த சக்கரவியூகம்அமைக்க இதுவே போதுமானதாக இருந்திருக்கும்.
இது ஒரு வட்ட வடிவமான புதிர் (வியூகம்), இந்த வியூகம் சுற்றிக்கொண்டே இருக்கும். அதனால் தான் சக்கரவியூகம் என்று துரோணர் கூறியிருக்கிறார்.
இது 7 சுற்றுக்களாக அமைந்திருக்கிறது. வெளிச்சுற்றில் இருப்பவர்கள் வலிமை குறைந்தவர்களாகவும், உள்ளே செல்லச்செல்ல வலிமை மிக்கவர்களாகவும் எண்ணிக்கையில் அதிகமாகவும் இருப்பார்கள். இதன் உள்ளே செல்லும் வீரனின் நிலைமையை இப்போது எண்ணிப்பாருங்கள்…
உள்ளே செல்லும் வீரன் சக்கரவியூகத்தின் பாதையை உருவாக்கி மையத்திற்குச் சென்று அங்கு எல்லோரையும் கொன்று விட்டால், மையம் அழிந்து சக்கரவியூகம் உடைந்துவிடும். ஆனால் சுற்றிக்கொண்டிருக்கும் சக்கரவியூகத்தின் எதிரி வீர்ர்கள் அதன் வாயிலை மூடிவிடுவார்கள், அதனால் உள்ளே சென்ற வீரன் மாட்டிக்கொள்வான்.
கீழே உள்ள படங்களைப் பாருங்கள், உள்ளே வரும் வீரன் ஒரே இடத்தில் தான் நிற்கிறான், ஆனால் சுற்றிக் கொண்டிருக்கும் எதிரி வீர்ர்களுக்கு இடையில் தான் எங்கு நிற்கிறோம், எங்கு செல்ல வேண்டும் என்பதையே கண்டுபிடிக்க முடியாதபடி திணறிவிடுவான்.
சற்று சிந்தித்துப் பார்த்தால், உள்ளே வந்த வீரன், உடனடியாக 4ம் சுற்றில் உள்ள எதிரியுடன் போரிட வேண்டும். இப்போது இதன்பிரம்மாண்டத்தை உங்களால் உணரமுடிகிறாதா?.
சக்கரத்தின் சுற்றுக்களில் உள்ள ஒரு வீரன் கொல்லப்பட்டாலும், அவனின் வலது புறம் உள்ள இன்னொருவன் அந்த இடத்திற்குவந்துவிடுவான். வியூகத்தின் உள் சுற்றுக்களில் அதிக வீர்ர்கள் குவிந்திருப்பதால், ஒரு வீரன் இறந்து விட்டாலும், அவன்இடத்தை நிரப்புவது பெரிய விசயம் அல்ல. இப்படியாக சக்கரம் முழுவதும் சுற்றிக்கொண்டே உள்ளே வந்த வீரனை துவம்சம்செய்துவிடும்.
உள்ளேச் செல்லும் வீரன், எல்லோரும் நினைப்பது போல் தன் எதிரில் உள்ள ஒருவனை கொன்றுவிட்டு முன்னேறஎண்ணினால், அதற்குள் கொல்லப்பட்ட வீரனின் வலதுபுறம் இருக்கும் வீரன் அந்த இடத்தை நிரப்பி விட தன் இடது புறமாகவந்துவிடுவான்.
இப்படியாக வட்டதில் உள்ள ஒவ்வொரு வீரனும் சுற்றிக்கொண்டே இருப்பார்கள், உள்ளே செல்லும் வழியே அகப்படாமல்திணறிக்கொண்டிருக்க வேண்டும். இதன் சுற்றளவும் மிகப் பெரியதாக இருப்பதால், உள்ளே வந்த வீரன் சுற்றிச்சுற்றியேகளைத்தும் போய்விடுவான்.
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இப்போது அபிமன்யு என்ன செய்தான் என்று பார்ப்போம். (படிக்கும் உங்களுக்கு எதேனும் தோன்றுகிறதா?)
எல்லோரும் போல் அல்லாமல், தனக்கு முன்னால் உள்ள வீரனை விட்டு விட்டு, ஒரே நேரத்தில் இரண்டு பேர்களைக் கொல்லவேண்டும். அந்த இரண்டு இடத்தை நிரப்புவதற்கு கொல்லப்பட்டவர்களின் வலது புறத்திலிருந்து வீர்ர்கள் வருவார்கள், இப்போதுபாருங்கள், அபிமன்யு விற்கு நேராக ஒரு வழி கிடைத்துவிட்டது.
இந்த முறையை பயன்படுத்தி ஒரு சில சுற்றுக்கள் உள்ளே எளிதாகச் செல்ல முடியும், ஆனால் உள்ளே செல்லச் செல்ல எதிரிவீர்ர்கள் பலம் மிக்கவர்களாகவும் அதிக எண்ணிக்கையிலும் இருப்பார்கள். ஆகையால் ஒரே நேரத்தில் பல வீர்ர்களைக்கொன்றால் தான் உள்ளேச் செல்ல வழி கிடைக்கும்.
அதே சமயம் சக்கரம் சுற்றிக்கொண்டே இருப்பதால், மிக கவனமாகச் செல்ல வேண்டிய மையத்தை நோக்கியே எண்ணம்இருக்க வேண்டும். (இப்போது அர்ஜுனன் பறவையின் கண் மட்டுமே தெரிகிறது என்று துரோணரிடம் கல்வி கற்கும் போதுசொன்னது நினைவில் வருகிறதா?) இது ஒருவனின் அறிவிற்கும், ஆற்றலுக்குமான சவால்.
போர்க்களத்தில் இந்த சவாலை வெற்றிகொள்ள பாண்டவர்களின் பக்கம் மூன்று பேருக்கு மட்டும் தான் தெரியும். (கிருஷ்ணர்,அர்ஜுனன் மற்றும் அபிமன்யு, இதில் அபிமன்யுவிற்கு வெளியே வரும் வித்தை தெரியாது.)
அபிமன்யு உள்ளே சென்றதும், பின் தொடர்ந்து பாண்டவர்களில் அர்ஜுனனைத் தவிர்த்து மற்ற நால்வரும் சென்றனர். ஆனால்சக்கரவியூகத்தின் விதிமுறைப்படி அபிமன்யு உள்ளே வந்த உடன், சுற்றுகளில் இருக்கும் வீர்ர்கள் வழியை மறைத்து விட்டனர்.அபிமன்யு மட்டும் உள்ளேச் சென்றுகொண்டே இருந்தான், இதனால் அவன் வஞ்சகமாக கெளரவர்களால் கொல்லப்பட்டான்.
ஒரே நேரத்தில் பல எதிரிகளை கொல்லும் திறமை ஒரு சிறந்த வில் வீரனுக்குத்தான் (இங்கு, அபிமன்யு) உண்டு. அதனால்தான் மற்ற பாண்டவர்களால் உள்ளே செல்ல முடியவில்லை.
Thanks to all references (web site & books). Because of you, I explained this for my tamil understanding peoples.
இதன் கல்வெட்டு
Anonymous 10 December 2012 at 00:09
wonderful post.... fullla padichen
Reply
Anonymous 10 December 2012 at 22:26
You can refer in English
URL: http://www.quora.com/
Tamil Book: Mahabharatham by Srimath Swami Sithbhavananthar
Reply
ஹரன்பிரசன்னா 19 December 2012 at 04:32
Good one.
Reply
Anonymous 19 December 2012 at 05:48
இந்தக் கல்வெட்டு எங்கு உள்ளது ?
-ஸ்ரீனி
Reply
Muthu Raman 19 December 2012 at 21:51
Srini, No idea about kalvettu. But it may be in Kurukshetra city in Haryana.
http://parotasalna.blogspot.
மகாபாரதம் அபிமன்யு போர் வியூகம் போர்த்தந்திரம் புராணம்
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33 Answers
OK, I think I'll give this one a shot, based off of the stories my grandmother used to tell me, along with some (very basic) tactics research.
First off, it is difficult to imagine the scale of this formation. The Mahabharat was one of the largest wars ever fought, and armies used a scale of measure known as Akshauhini to measure strength. As single Akshauhini consisted of 21,870 chariots, 21,870 elephants; 65,610 cavalry and 109,350 infantry[1]. Now, it is said that over the course of the war, 18-20 Akshauhini senas (armies) were killed. I do not have to do the calculations for you to figure out how huge the armies actually were. And this in a concentrated around the Kurukshetra, which is roughly 48 x 128 Km in area[2]. That makes a very dense war.
So I imagine that there were enough men to spare for a formation like the Chakravyuha, more so when:
The formation was designed as a spinning wheel (hence the "chakra" in the name) and a puzzle (hence the "vyuh"), with the formation in a constant state of rotation.... the rotation may be seen as the motion of the helix of a screw. The formation was also called Padmavyuh (or the Lotus formation)[3]. Also, the inner layers were made of of soldiers, each stronger than the ones on the immediate outer layer. Let us use a gaming terminology and call the warriors as levels. Level 7 being the strongest, and lower level warriors at the outside. Here is what would happen to anyone entering through the mouth (now imagine the same thing happening DURING WAR)....
And remember, this doesn't mean the person who entered ran around the maze. The maze engulfed him.. yeah, imagine that:
Think about it... the warrior is in a constant state of battle while the formation circles around him. He keeps getting tired, while the further inside he goes, the less worn out fighters he meets! Both physically and mentally, this makes it difficult for the warrior who has entered.
Now, the Chakravyuh was a brilliant military tactic. Basically it was a juggernaut. The whole formation continuously spun across the battlefield, continuously fighting, and the moment one member of the formation was killed, there was a sliding motion that propagated from the position held by the killed man, right upto the center of the formation, thus ensuring that at all times, there existed a continuous maze.
Now coming to the Abhimanyu bit of it. Let's see the following points:
BREAKING IN:
Now, a method that unarguably most people would try would be to attack the person right in front of them, as shown below. Now, what would happen is that while the warrior may successfully manage to kill the man in front of him, but his position is instantly taken over by the man to his right, thereby making a breach impossible.
Now assuming the color blue indicates a neutralized enemy, here's what happened:
So, here is the technique Abhimanyu used (apparently he learnt about it as a foetus. Mind blowing eh?):
Abhimanyu, the son of the great archer Arjuna, took out, in quick succession the people to the left and right instead of up front.
Now, what this did was, create a movement of soldiers to cover up the gaps, but for a brief period, left the position right in front of Abhimanyu open
Now by using this technique, one may assume that he managed to get through the first few levels easily, but on the inside, as the density of warriors increased, the gap created lasted for shorter and shorter periods of time, making it more and more difficult. Also, no doubt, the constant rotation would have started playing mind games, but Abhimanyu's strategy involved simply creating a path straight though the formation.
Now, the original deal was that Abhimanyu creates gaps and storms in, and other Pandavas follow him. But that plan backfired because (I guess) the formation regained shape quickly enough to prevent people from following Abhimanyu. Why they didn't follow the same technique is something I simply do not know. Perhaps it took a skilled archer to take out 2 people quickly and get in through the gap, and very few people (as Drona himself is said to have acknowledged) were as skilled as Abhimanyu.
So, over time, Abhimanyu keeps going deeper and deeper, all alone.
ESCAPE:
Making it to the center, Abhimanyu had to face a high density ring on the best warriors on the Kaurava side, both physically and mentally exhausted. Perhaps,he could continue with this same technique to break out as well. If the Pandavas had followed him in as planned, they would have more warriors on the inside, and breaking out would be easier. If they breached the centre, then the formation may have collapsed on itself. But it's all ifs and buts.
It is said that upon the breach, the whole formation broke and converged upon Abhimanyu, making it one man against a continuous onslaught of others. It is difficult to see how long he could survive the attack with nowhere to escape to.
And that is how it ended. Abhimanyu was killed, trapped in a maze that could, literally "screw" you!
UPDATE: People seem to be confused about the motion of the formation. It's 2:40 AM here *yawns*, but I'll try to quickly explain it out!
Let's not view the formation as a single structure but a combination of 2 structures, a helix, and a multiply curved line. Here is the representation:
Now, for motion, only 2 soldiers become crucial... these are:
The soldier in the blue is responsible for starting the motion, say he takes a step diagonally forward to his left. This starts off a chain reaction, with each soldier taking the position of the soldier on his left, which over time (try to visualize this in your head). In other words, on his 2nd move, the guy to right of the man who starts the motion takes a diagonal step. which the guy on his right copies on his 3rd move. Now the point where the diagonal step is being taken, may be viewed as an exploitable weakness in the structure (I guess..) but this position changes fast enough to deceive the enemy.
The helix motion is initiated by the 2nd important soldier. It is his job to ensure no gaps are left between the 2 structures. So he moves accordingly to ensure the same, and that leads to the helix slowly spinning clockwise. (and forward). The helix is made up of the superior soldiers.
Now again, I'm not Drona, or a military tactician, so it's difficult to predict if this indeed is how it operated, but in my opinion, this would make a pretty efficient labyrinth.... and all it takes is 2 long lines of soldiers
----
[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aks...
[2] http://www.dharmakshetra.com/hol...
[3] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pad...
First off, it is difficult to imagine the scale of this formation. The Mahabharat was one of the largest wars ever fought, and armies used a scale of measure known as Akshauhini to measure strength. As single Akshauhini consisted of 21,870 chariots, 21,870 elephants; 65,610 cavalry and 109,350 infantry[1]. Now, it is said that over the course of the war, 18-20 Akshauhini senas (armies) were killed. I do not have to do the calculations for you to figure out how huge the armies actually were. And this in a concentrated around the Kurukshetra, which is roughly 48 x 128 Km in area[2]. That makes a very dense war.
So I imagine that there were enough men to spare for a formation like the Chakravyuha, more so when:
- It was designed by Drona, one of the smartest tactician on the side of the Kauravas
- The prize was (originally) Yudhisthira, who was the leader of the Pandavas
The formation was designed as a spinning wheel (hence the "chakra" in the name) and a puzzle (hence the "vyuh"), with the formation in a constant state of rotation.... the rotation may be seen as the motion of the helix of a screw. The formation was also called Padmavyuh (or the Lotus formation)[3]. Also, the inner layers were made of of soldiers, each stronger than the ones on the immediate outer layer. Let us use a gaming terminology and call the warriors as levels. Level 7 being the strongest, and lower level warriors at the outside. Here is what would happen to anyone entering through the mouth (now imagine the same thing happening DURING WAR)....
And remember, this doesn't mean the person who entered ran around the maze. The maze engulfed him.. yeah, imagine that:
Now, the Chakravyuh was a brilliant military tactic. Basically it was a juggernaut. The whole formation continuously spun across the battlefield, continuously fighting, and the moment one member of the formation was killed, there was a sliding motion that propagated from the position held by the killed man, right upto the center of the formation, thus ensuring that at all times, there existed a continuous maze.
Now coming to the Abhimanyu bit of it. Let's see the following points:
- It may seem logical to enter the Chakravyuh right when the mouth is right in front of you. As can be seen, you only have to get through 3 circles of soldiers to get through the center. However, herein lies the catch. The moment anyone entered the formation through the mouth, the mouth closed, effectively trapping the person within it.... and facing Level 4 warriors.
- Also, the warrior density was more at the center compared to the outside, so it would be preferable to reduce the density by (basically) decreasing the strength of the formation (i.e kill more people) to force them to increase the gap between each other to keep the formation going.
BREAKING IN:
Now, a method that unarguably most people would try would be to attack the person right in front of them, as shown below. Now, what would happen is that while the warrior may successfully manage to kill the man in front of him, but his position is instantly taken over by the man to his right, thereby making a breach impossible.
Now assuming the color blue indicates a neutralized enemy, here's what happened:
So, here is the technique Abhimanyu used (apparently he learnt about it as a foetus. Mind blowing eh?):
Abhimanyu, the son of the great archer Arjuna, took out, in quick succession the people to the left and right instead of up front.
Now by using this technique, one may assume that he managed to get through the first few levels easily, but on the inside, as the density of warriors increased, the gap created lasted for shorter and shorter periods of time, making it more and more difficult. Also, no doubt, the constant rotation would have started playing mind games, but Abhimanyu's strategy involved simply creating a path straight though the formation.
Now, the original deal was that Abhimanyu creates gaps and storms in, and other Pandavas follow him. But that plan backfired because (I guess) the formation regained shape quickly enough to prevent people from following Abhimanyu. Why they didn't follow the same technique is something I simply do not know. Perhaps it took a skilled archer to take out 2 people quickly and get in through the gap, and very few people (as Drona himself is said to have acknowledged) were as skilled as Abhimanyu.
So, over time, Abhimanyu keeps going deeper and deeper, all alone.
ESCAPE:
Making it to the center, Abhimanyu had to face a high density ring on the best warriors on the Kaurava side, both physically and mentally exhausted. Perhaps,he could continue with this same technique to break out as well. If the Pandavas had followed him in as planned, they would have more warriors on the inside, and breaking out would be easier. If they breached the centre, then the formation may have collapsed on itself. But it's all ifs and buts.
It is said that upon the breach, the whole formation broke and converged upon Abhimanyu, making it one man against a continuous onslaught of others. It is difficult to see how long he could survive the attack with nowhere to escape to.
And that is how it ended. Abhimanyu was killed, trapped in a maze that could, literally "screw" you!
UPDATE: People seem to be confused about the motion of the formation. It's 2:40 AM here *yawns*, but I'll try to quickly explain it out!
Let's not view the formation as a single structure but a combination of 2 structures, a helix, and a multiply curved line. Here is the representation:
Now, for motion, only 2 soldiers become crucial... these are:
The soldier in the blue is responsible for starting the motion, say he takes a step diagonally forward to his left. This starts off a chain reaction, with each soldier taking the position of the soldier on his left, which over time (try to visualize this in your head). In other words, on his 2nd move, the guy to right of the man who starts the motion takes a diagonal step. which the guy on his right copies on his 3rd move. Now the point where the diagonal step is being taken, may be viewed as an exploitable weakness in the structure (I guess..) but this position changes fast enough to deceive the enemy.
The helix motion is initiated by the 2nd important soldier. It is his job to ensure no gaps are left between the 2 structures. So he moves accordingly to ensure the same, and that leads to the helix slowly spinning clockwise. (and forward). The helix is made up of the superior soldiers.
Now again, I'm not Drona, or a military tactician, so it's difficult to predict if this indeed is how it operated, but in my opinion, this would make a pretty efficient labyrinth.... and all it takes is 2 long lines of soldiers
----
[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aks...
[2] http://www.dharmakshetra.com/hol...
[3] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pad...
மகாபாரதம் புராணம் அபிமன்யு
Vajra Vyuha ( in the shape of the thunderbolt)
=============================================================
Chakra shakata vyuha
=============================================================
Mandala Vyuha (Mandala - Circle) :
On the seventh day of the war Bhishma made Mandala Vyuha. It was circular formation very difficult to penetrate. The Pandavas countered it by Vajra Vyuha. On the dawn of the eighth day of the war, it was Oormi Vyuha for Kauravas, meaning ocean. It was the formation in which their army was arranged. It spread on the either side like waves of the sea. Arjuna chose Sringataka Vyuha .
=============================================================
Krauncha vyuha(Krauncha - a Bird) :
Pandava army was arranged in this vyuha on the second day. Drupada was at the head and Kuntibhoja was placed at the eye. The army of the satyaki formed neck of the Kauncha bird. Bhima and Dhristadhymna formed both the wings of the Vyuha. The sons of Draupadi and Satyaki were to guard the wings. The formation of the army phalanxes in this manner was very formidable.
Bhishma also decided to arrange his army in Krauncha Vyuha. Bhurishrava and Salya were to guard the wings. Somdatta, Ashwatthama, Kripa and Kritavarma were positioned at different important place in the formation.
=============================================================
Chakra Vyuha : Well known vyuha. Abhimanyu died in this vyuha. The thirteenth day of the war came. Again the Trigartas challenged Arjuna early. Drona arranged his army in chakra Vyuha formation. Duryodhana was at the centre and other warriors were in different layers. Jayadratha was there guarding the gate of the Vyuha with his army.
Bhima led the Pandavas attack. All other Pandavas warriors were following him, they tried to break the vyuha by a frontal attack but Drona frustrated them. The arrows of Drona began to melt away the Pandavas army. Yudhsithira was at his wits ends.
Arjuna was facing the only Samasaptaka who was surviving. Sursarma and his army went on fighting and kept Arjuna occupied. Young Abhimanyu, seeing Yudhisthira worried, said that he knew the technique of entering the Chakravyuha but did not know how to come out of it. Bhima said that if they could get the entry once, the rest should be left to him and his mace. Yet Yudhisthira was hesitant to sent the sixteen years old son of Arjuna, in absence of his father in such a deadly trap of death.
But Abhimanyu was very confident and so was Bhima. After taking permission and blessings of the elders, Abhimanyu went to break the vyuha with Bhima and others warriors following him closely.
Abhimanyu chariot went with lightening speed and before Jayadrattha could understand his move he was inside the vyuha. He was successful in breaking in to it. But an alert Jayadratha stopped Bhima and all other Pandavas from entering the vyuha. However hard they tried. While Kauravas had panicked by breaking into the Vyuha by Abhimanyu, now the Pandavas were desolate. Arjuna’s son was inside the Vyuha all alone and they were kept outside.
Drona and all other warriors rushed to Abhimanyu to check his advance. Duryodhana, Dussasan, Salya and Karna were fighting him, all at once. Abhimanyu gave them a very tough fight. He could hurt even Karna. Single handedly, he kept all of them at bay. His valor even surpassed that of Arjuna. Kauravas were amazed to see his skill and prowess.
At the gate of the Vyuha, Bhima, Yudhisthira, Shikhandi, Drupad, Dhristadhymna, Virata, Nakula etc. were making determined effort to break into the vyuha but without any success. Jayadratha had obtained a boon from lord Shiva that enabled him to defy all the Pandavas when Arjuna and Krishna were not there. Now, Bhima was very sorry for his recklessness in encouraging Abhimanyu to go into the Vyuha.
All the warriors of the Kauravas side could not have defeated the lone warrior despite their best efforts. Now they were getting frustrated. Karna deceitfully attacked him from behind and cut the string of his bow. Then Drona cut down his chariots wheels. Then Abhimanyu jumped out with a sword and shield in his hand. Drona too cut that down. Then he took a wheel of his chariot and rushed towards them. Abhimanyu killed Lakshamana, the son of Duryodhana. Now the Kauravas were willing to throw out all the rules of fair fighting six Maharathi, Karna, Drona, Ashvatthama attacked him together. Abhimanyu was very tired, from behind, son of Dussasan, hit Abhimanyu with his mace. Abhimanyu fell down and died. Abhimanyu’s killing was the most treacherous and darterdly act of the Karuavas warriors like Drona Kripa and Karna.
Death of Abhimanyu gave rise to loud cheers and sounding of conches drums and trumpets. The Pandavas had a premonition that the worst fears had come true. Soon the terrible news was confirmed. Yudhisthira and Bhima fell down lamenting inconsolably. They had sent Abhimanyu to his death. The Pandavas side had never sunk so deep in despair and sorrow, since the beginning of the war. They were unable to face Arjuna on his return.
===========================================================
Ardha Chakra Vyuha(Ardha Chandra - Half Cresent) :
Arjuna observed this arrangement. He arranged the Pandavas army in consultation with Dhristadhymna, made the Ardha-chandra vyuha. cresent form. At the right end was Bhima, Along the ups were placed the army of Drupada and Virata. Neel, Dhristaketu, Dhristadhymna and Shikandi were placed next to them. Yudhisthira was at the centre. Satyaki, and five sons of Draupadi. Abimanyu were at left end, Ghatatkacha and Kokaya brother was there too. At the tip was Arjuna at his Chariot with Krishna.
===================
That's why Sanatani's is great
===================
வியூகங்கள்
[அர்த்த சக்ர வியூகம்- அரைவட்ட வியூகம்]
[கிரௌஞ்ச வியூகம்- பறவை வியூகம்]
[மண்டலவியூகம்]
[சகடவியூகம்- வண்டிச்சக்கர வியூகம்]
[சக்கரவியூகம்]
வஜ்ரவியூகம் . மின்னல் வடிவம்
ஜெ சார்
இன்று வந்த பிரயாகையின் போர்க்களக் காட்சி பிரமிப்பூட்டியது விஷுவலாக போரை நேரில் பார்ப்பதுபோல இருந்தது. வழக்கமாக டிவி சேனல்களில் இருபடைகளும் எதிர் எதிராக நிற்பதுபோலத்தான் காட்டுவார்கள். இந்த வியூக அமைப்பு திகைப்பை உருவாக்கியது. நண்டும் கழுகும் போர் புரிவது அற்புதம்.
நண்டாக போகும்போது உருவாகும் சாதக அம்சங்களை யோசித்துக்கொண்டே இருந்தேன். நண்டின் கால்கள் பெரியவை. அவை ரதங்களின் வரிசை. அந்தக்கால்களால் அது போய் தாக்குகிறது. தன் உடலை எதிரி தாக்காமலும் பார்த்துக்கொள்கிறது. கால்களால் அது கவ்வி கொண்டுவருவதை உடலாக உள்ள காலாள்படை தின்கிறது
இந்தவியூக அமைப்பு தான் மகாபாரதத்தில் சொல்லப்பட்டிருக்கிறதா?
ராமச்சந்திரன்
அன்புள்ள ராமச்சந்திரன்
வியூகங்கள் மூலத்தில் ஒற்றை வார்த்தைகளாக உள்ளன. அவற்றை கற்பனையில் விரிவாக்கியிருக்கிறேன். பரவலாக அறியப்பட்ட வியூகங்கள் சக்கரவியூகமும் பத்மவியூகமும்தான்
அன்றையபடைகளைப்பொறுத்தவரை பெரும் எண்ணிக்கையில் மக்கள் செல்வதுதான் படை. எண்ணிக்கைதான் முக்கியமான ஆற்றல். வீரர்கள் ஒருவரோடொருவர் முட்டிக்கொள்ளாமல் ஒரே உடலாகச் சென்றால்தான் போர் சாத்தியம். வியூகம் இல்லாவிட்டால் அவர்கள் வெறும் கும்பல்தான்
அத்துடன் வரிசையாகச் சென்றால் முன்னால்செல்பவர்கள் மட்டும்தான் போர் புரிவார்கள். மற்றவர்கள் பின்னால் சும்மா நிற்பார்கள். ப்ழையகாலப்படைகள் மொத்தப்படையுமே ஒரே சமயம் போர்புரியும்படி அமைந்திருக்கும். அதற்கும் வியூகங்கள்தேவை
ஒவ்வொரு வியூகமும் பறவைகள் மிருகங்கள் இயற்கை வடிவங்களை அடிப்படையாகக் கொண்டு அமைக்கப்பட்டிருக்கும். அவற்றுக்கான இயல்புகள் போரில் உதவும். அதாவது பருந்துவியூகம் வேகமாகச் சென்று இறங்கும் என்றால் யானைவியூகம் மெல்ல வலிமையாக முன்னால் செல்லும்.
வியூகங்களை உடைப்பதுதான் போரே. வியூகம் உடைந்தால் படை வெறும் கும்பலாக ஆகி தோற்றுவிடும். வியூகங்களை அமைப்பதும் உடைப்பதும்தான் அன்றைய போர்க்கலையின் முக்கியமான பாடங்கள்
பத்மவியூகத்தை உடைப்பதைப்பற்றி கிருஷ்ணன் அபிமன்யுவுக்குச் சொல்லாமல் விட்டுவிட்டார் என்பதை கேட்டிருப்பீர்கள்
ஜெ
நன்றி
http://interestinggyan.blogspot.in/2013/12/military-techniques-in-mahabahrat.html
Military Techniques in Mahabahrat (Ancient Indian WAR) Military Formation Techniques (Vyuha)
Vajra Vyuha ( in the shape of the thunderbolt)
=============================================================
Chakra shakata vyuha
=============================================================
Mandala Vyuha (Mandala - Circle) :
On the seventh day of the war Bhishma made Mandala Vyuha. It was circular formation very difficult to penetrate. The Pandavas countered it by Vajra Vyuha. On the dawn of the eighth day of the war, it was Oormi Vyuha for Kauravas, meaning ocean. It was the formation in which their army was arranged. It spread on the either side like waves of the sea. Arjuna chose Sringataka Vyuha .
=============================================================
Krauncha vyuha(Krauncha - a Bird) :
Pandava army was arranged in this vyuha on the second day. Drupada was at the head and Kuntibhoja was placed at the eye. The army of the satyaki formed neck of the Kauncha bird. Bhima and Dhristadhymna formed both the wings of the Vyuha. The sons of Draupadi and Satyaki were to guard the wings. The formation of the army phalanxes in this manner was very formidable.
Bhishma also decided to arrange his army in Krauncha Vyuha. Bhurishrava and Salya were to guard the wings. Somdatta, Ashwatthama, Kripa and Kritavarma were positioned at different important place in the formation.
=============================================================
Chakra Vyuha : Well known vyuha. Abhimanyu died in this vyuha. The thirteenth day of the war came. Again the Trigartas challenged Arjuna early. Drona arranged his army in chakra Vyuha formation. Duryodhana was at the centre and other warriors were in different layers. Jayadratha was there guarding the gate of the Vyuha with his army.
Bhima led the Pandavas attack. All other Pandavas warriors were following him, they tried to break the vyuha by a frontal attack but Drona frustrated them. The arrows of Drona began to melt away the Pandavas army. Yudhsithira was at his wits ends.
Arjuna was facing the only Samasaptaka who was surviving. Sursarma and his army went on fighting and kept Arjuna occupied. Young Abhimanyu, seeing Yudhisthira worried, said that he knew the technique of entering the Chakravyuha but did not know how to come out of it. Bhima said that if they could get the entry once, the rest should be left to him and his mace. Yet Yudhisthira was hesitant to sent the sixteen years old son of Arjuna, in absence of his father in such a deadly trap of death.
But Abhimanyu was very confident and so was Bhima. After taking permission and blessings of the elders, Abhimanyu went to break the vyuha with Bhima and others warriors following him closely.
Abhimanyu chariot went with lightening speed and before Jayadrattha could understand his move he was inside the vyuha. He was successful in breaking in to it. But an alert Jayadratha stopped Bhima and all other Pandavas from entering the vyuha. However hard they tried. While Kauravas had panicked by breaking into the Vyuha by Abhimanyu, now the Pandavas were desolate. Arjuna’s son was inside the Vyuha all alone and they were kept outside.
Drona and all other warriors rushed to Abhimanyu to check his advance. Duryodhana, Dussasan, Salya and Karna were fighting him, all at once. Abhimanyu gave them a very tough fight. He could hurt even Karna. Single handedly, he kept all of them at bay. His valor even surpassed that of Arjuna. Kauravas were amazed to see his skill and prowess.
At the gate of the Vyuha, Bhima, Yudhisthira, Shikhandi, Drupad, Dhristadhymna, Virata, Nakula etc. were making determined effort to break into the vyuha but without any success. Jayadratha had obtained a boon from lord Shiva that enabled him to defy all the Pandavas when Arjuna and Krishna were not there. Now, Bhima was very sorry for his recklessness in encouraging Abhimanyu to go into the Vyuha.
All the warriors of the Kauravas side could not have defeated the lone warrior despite their best efforts. Now they were getting frustrated. Karna deceitfully attacked him from behind and cut the string of his bow. Then Drona cut down his chariots wheels. Then Abhimanyu jumped out with a sword and shield in his hand. Drona too cut that down. Then he took a wheel of his chariot and rushed towards them. Abhimanyu killed Lakshamana, the son of Duryodhana. Now the Kauravas were willing to throw out all the rules of fair fighting six Maharathi, Karna, Drona, Ashvatthama attacked him together. Abhimanyu was very tired, from behind, son of Dussasan, hit Abhimanyu with his mace. Abhimanyu fell down and died. Abhimanyu’s killing was the most treacherous and darterdly act of the Karuavas warriors like Drona Kripa and Karna.
Death of Abhimanyu gave rise to loud cheers and sounding of conches drums and trumpets. The Pandavas had a premonition that the worst fears had come true. Soon the terrible news was confirmed. Yudhisthira and Bhima fell down lamenting inconsolably. They had sent Abhimanyu to his death. The Pandavas side had never sunk so deep in despair and sorrow, since the beginning of the war. They were unable to face Arjuna on his return.
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Ardha Chakra Vyuha(Ardha Chandra - Half Cresent) :
Arjuna observed this arrangement. He arranged the Pandavas army in consultation with Dhristadhymna, made the Ardha-chandra vyuha. cresent form. At the right end was Bhima, Along the ups were placed the army of Drupada and Virata. Neel, Dhristaketu, Dhristadhymna and Shikandi were placed next to them. Yudhisthira was at the centre. Satyaki, and five sons of Draupadi. Abimanyu were at left end, Ghatatkacha and Kokaya brother was there too. At the tip was Arjuna at his Chariot with Krishna.
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That's why Sanatani's is great
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